Common Examples of Uncountable Sets

Common Examples of Uncountable Sets Not all infinite sets are the same. One way to distinguish between these sets is by asking if the set is countably infinite or not. In this way, we say that infinite sets are either countable or uncountable. We will consider several examples of infinite sets and determine which of these are uncountable.​ Countably Infinite We begin by ruling out several examples of infinite sets. Many of the infinite sets that we would immediately think of are found to be countably infinite. This means that they can be put into a one-to-one correspondence with the natural numbers. The natural numbers, integers, and rational numbers are all countably infinite. Any union or intersection of countably infinite sets is also countable. The Cartesian product of any number of countable sets is countable. Any subset of a countable set is also countable. Uncountable The most common way that uncountable sets are introduced is in considering the interval (0, 1) of real numbers. From this fact, and the one-to-one function f( x ) bx a. it is a straightforward corollary to show that any interval (a, b) of real numbers is uncountably infinite. The entire set of real numbers is also uncountable. One way to show this is to use the one-to-one tangent function f ( x ) tan x. The domain of this function is the interval (-π/2, π/2), an uncountable set, and the range is the set of all real numbers. Other Uncountable Sets The operations of basic set theory can be used to produce more examples of uncountably infinite sets: If A is a subset of B and A is uncountable, then so is B. This provides a more straightforward proof that the entire set of real numbers is uncountable.If A is uncountable and B is any set, then the union A U B is also uncountable.If A is uncountable and B is any set, then the Cartesian product A x B is also uncountable.If A is infinite (even countably infinite) then the power set of A is uncountable. Two other examples, which are related to one another are somewhat surprising. Not every subset of the real numbers is uncountably infinite (indeed, the rational numbers form a countable subset of the reals that is also dense). Certain subsets are uncountably infinite. One of these uncountably infinite subsets involves certain types of decimal expansions. If we choose two numerals and form every possible decimal expansion with only these two digits, then the resulting infinite set is uncountable. Another set is more complicated to construct and is also uncountable. Start with the closed interval [0,1]. Remove the middle third of this set, resulting in [0, 1/3] U [2/3, 1]. Now remove the middle third of each of the remaining pieces of the set. So (1/9, 2/9) and (7/9, 8/9) is removed. We continue in this fashion. The set of points that remain after all of these intervals are removed is not an interval, however, it is uncountably infinite. This set is called the Cantor Set. There are infinitely many uncountable sets, but the above examples are some of the most commonly encountered sets.

The Only Place

The Only Place The Only Place The Only Place By Mark Nichol In spoken English, even the most careful speaker may casually misplace the modifier only in a sentence, as in â€Å"The meeting will only be held if the ordinance passes.† The intended meaning here is that whether the ordinance passes determines whether the meeting is to be held. Literally, however, the sentence indicates that the holding is the only action that will pertain to the meeting if the ordinance passes. (The meeting will not be recorded or reported on, for example, but if the ordinance fails, perhaps these and other things will occur in relation to the meeting.) As the parenthesized sentence before this one demonstrates, the meaning is changed depending the positioning of only: In the original sentence, the meeting is not conditional on the passage of the ordinance, though that is exactly what the speaker or writer means. Therefore, to accurately convey the meaning of the sentence, the word only should appear immediately after the word, phrase, or clause it modifies. Because a speaker can provide stress to the sentence, a listener is unlikely to misunderstand it, but a writer has no such advantage. Ambiguity is not inevitable when misplacing the modifier in written expression, but the careful writer makes the effort to produce a sentence that is syntactically sound. Here is another sentence best expressed with only positioned correctly: â€Å"Are we certain that participants only reside in those neighborhoods?† The significant point appears to be that the participants reside in those places but do not have any other connection to them. The intended meaning, however, is that the â€Å"we† are uncertain whether the participants live only in the specified locations and not in other places. This meaning is best conveyed by writing, â€Å"Are we certain participants reside only in those neighborhoods?† Note the difference in meaning when inserting the modifier only in various positions in the sentence â€Å"Smith said he could only confirm that nine demonstrators were taken into custody.† 1. Only Smith said he could confirm that nine demonstrators were taken into custody. (No one else made the claim that Smith could confirm the information.) 2. Smith only said he could confirm that nine demonstrators were taken into custody. (Smith didn’t say anything else.) 3. Smith said only he could confirm that nine demonstrators were taken into custody. (According to Smith, he is the only one who could confirm the information.) 4. Smith said he only could confirm that nine demonstrators were taken into custody. (Smith could not do anything else but potentially confirm the information.) 5. Smith said he could only confirm that nine demonstrators were taken into custody. (Smith could confirm the information but do nothing else about or to it.) 6. Smith said he could confirm only that nine demonstrators were taken into custody. (Smith could confirm nothing else but the information he provided.) 7. Smith said he could confirm that only nine demonstrators were taken into custody. (Smith was able to specify that nine demonstrators, not another quantity, were arrested, with the implication that other demonstrators were not arrested.) 8. Smith said he could confirm that nine only demonstrators were taken into custody. (This sentence seems to indicate, albeit ungrammatically, that the people arrested were only demonstrators and had no other occupation or pastime.) 9. Smith said he could confirm that nine demonstrators only were taken into custody. (The number of demonstrators arrested was only nine; unlike version number 7, this sentence does not necessarily imply additional demonstrators.) 10. Smith said he could confirm that nine demonstrators were only taken into custody. (The demonstrators were taken into custody, but nothing else pertaining to custody occurred to them.) 11. Smith said he could confirm that nine demonstrators were taken only into custody. (The demonstrators were not taken anywhere except into custody.) 12. Smith said he could confirm that nine demonstrators were taken into only custody. (The demonstrators were taken into a type of custody known as â€Å"only custody†; like version number 8, this sentence is not grammatically correct.) 13. Smith said he could confirm that nine demonstrators were taken into custody only. (Nothing else was done to the demonstrators besides taking them into custody.) The usual placement error for this type of sentence is â€Å"Smith said he could only confirm that nine demonstrators were taken into custody,† where only erroneously precedes the pertinent verb, suggesting that confirmation is all that could be done. However, the point that the stated item of information, and only that item, could be confirmed is correctly stated thus: â€Å"Smith said he could confirm only that nine demonstrators were taken into custody.† (Therefore, version 6 above is the only version suitable to express the intended meaning.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How Many Tenses in English?20 Words Meaning "Being or Existing in the Past"Adverbs and Hyphens

Decision Making Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Decision Making - Research Paper Example The first stage of decision making according to Arkansas program is establishing a community within which the decision is to be made, this stage involves building and strengthening relationships between members of the community, norms and procedures that influence how problems are perceived and communicated within the group, this stage can take place before or during the time a problem is identified. The second stage is the perception phase where an individual recognises the fact that a problem needs to be solved. Interpretation is the third stage of decision making that involves explaining the specifics of the problem and identifying the issues that may have caused the problem. Judgement is the fourth stage that involves looking at other options that are available to respond to the problem and then choosing the option that will solve the problem satisfactorily (Baghbania et al, 53). Motivation involves analysing the issues that may make an individual choose a less effective solution and then prioritise the solutions based on the expected results. The next stage is implementing the best solution to the problem; the solution that is implemented should have the ability to avoid the hurdles that may arise in the implementation process. The seventh stage is reflection in action, this stage involves analysing the problem solving process and making appropriate adjustments to improve effectiveness of the solution selected. The final stage in the decision making process is reflection on action which involves determining whether the solution solved the problem adequately; this is done by examining the consequences and the expected outcomes of the solution. Example of decision-making An administrator in a hospital that admits patients in critical condition can be faced with a problem of getting one of the patients off a life support machine since he is unable to pay the bills or to continue letting him use the machine while his unpaid bills rise. In solving this problem, the administrator will be aware of the case by being informed by other medical practitioners who have direct contact with the patient. The second action that the administrator would take is ascertaining whether the patient is indeed unable to pay the cost of using the machine. The administrator would then try to find out why the patient is unable to pay the bill, whether it is due to genuine lack of money or negligence by his relatives or the financiers of the hospital bill. The administrator would then decide on the alternatives to take regarding the patient, which may include putting the patient off the life support machine or allowing him to continue using it although he cannot pay the bill. The administrator may decide to put the patient off the machine since there is a minimal chance of survival for the patient and his hospital bill is high which may be hard to recover. Before switching off the life support machine, the administrator will consider the issues may arise from his decision such as morality of the action, legal opinion on euthanasia among others and then prepare to handle them accordingly. The next

Strategy quality managment in SABIC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Strategy quality managment in SABIC - Essay Example Custom Technology Solutions (CTS, 2006) describe strategic management as ‘a combination of strategy formulation and strategy implementation’ (P.5). Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC), Saudi Arabia’s largest corporation is a global leader in the manufacture of chemicals, fertilizers, plastics and steel. The Saudi government is the majority shareholder with a 60 percent stake with the balance of shares distributed among the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) countries of the Middle East. It has a major presence in Asia particularly the Asia-Pacific region, North America, Europe and Africa in addition to the Arabian Peninsula [Figure 1] (Asia Pacific News, 2008). Established in 1976, SABIC has a broad range of assorted merchandise encompassing ‘basic and intermediate chemicals, polymer resins and polyesters, fertilizers, metals and industrial gases -primary building blocks for products’. These are found in the conglomerate’s 21 manufacturing firms employing over 16,000 employees globally (Al-Abdulgader, 2007). The demand for petrochemical products has increased globally thus ensuring SABIC future growth prospects are bright being one of the largest producers in the world with a rich natural source in Saud Arabia (Jaroudi, 2007). SABIC petrochemical production has subsequently quadrupled over the last fifteen years surpassing 45 million tonnes while aiming at raising the production to over 100 metric tonnes by 2015 (Thomasson, 2007). The company’s expansion plans targets the emerging Asian growth economies of China and India. In China, the country’s enormous expansion and development has meant it is unable to meet its demand for polyolefin resins thus needing 34 percent imports, which puts the Chinese market on top of SABIC agenda. According to SABIC’s country manager for China, Lee Lam Lee,

Five-Year Career Development Paper Essay Example for Free

Five-Year Career Development Paper Essay Every year millions of college students worldwide graduate from college in hopes of obtaining a position in their career field of choice; however a lot of these students do not have a plan of action to actually help them find their career and achieve their goals. So much emphasis is put on college graduates going out and finding a job, but little focus is put on helping them find a career. A five year career plan is a road map that allows for progress tracking, and development of solutions or alternate courses of action (Crump, 2009). From personal experience I have realized that the chances of achieving my personal and career goals are increased of I actually write them out as a plan. In this paper I will discuss my career goals and objectives, my current knowledge and skills that I currently possess in my future career, the steps that I will take in order to meet my career goals, and any possible barriers that may present themselves in the path to me completing these goals. Currently I am a front desk clerk and personal trainer at Fitness Systems, a privately owned fitness center in South Sacramento. Since it is a small business and only consists of five employees, chances of promoting within the business are small. However I have used my experience from working the front counter and interacting with members of the gym, to help promote my presence of being a trainer. Also, working at Fitness Systems has allowed me to observe the procedures and responsibilities that it takes to run a successful business. Statistics show that most small businesses will fail in between 1-3 years from the initial startup time; therefore I am trying to absorb as much information as possible so that I dont fall into the same category. In order to manage a successful career it is important to develop an exceptional method of thinking strategically and exceptional execution skills. Building upon my skills in these areas will help me to achieve my long term goals. In all organizations, it is important that management sets goals for employees in accordance with the goals of the organization. When I open my fitness center, one of the main things that I want to stress among my employees (trainers), is strong communication skills. If management and staff arent on the same page, there will be an abundance of errors within  the organization. If certain skills are lacking within employees, it is the responsibility of management to identify these weaknesses and find a resolution such as training, to solve the issues. As a way to help kick start my five year career development plan, I have put together a list of some of my short term and long term career goals. My short term goals include improving upon my current skills as a personal trainer and gain experience in specific areas such as nutrition, so that I will be prepared to take on the role of being the owner of my own Personal Training Company. My personal short term goals include the following: increasing my knowledge in anatomy, improve upon my ability to map out an effective workout plan for clients, improve upon my communication skills, obtain my business degree in management, network with other local personal trainers, and gain more hands on personal training experience by recruiting more clients. My personal long term career goal is open a private fitness center that enables clients and their trainers to schedule one on one sessions in the center without having to worry about the crowds that usually plague commercial fitness centers. This goal will be achieved by the summer of 2012. My plan is to continue being a part time trainer for now, graduate with my BS in Business Management, enter and complete the MBA marketing program at the University of Phoenix, and then work on opening up my fitness center. Owning a successful business requires that you build strong relationships with your clients/customers, their families, and the surrounding communities. Maintaining a positive stance and reputation in the community that you serve, determines if youre company will be successful. In order to promote myself within the community, I have created business cards that describe the service that I provide and my contact information. I have also spoken to the founder and CEO (Plashette Robinson), of a local journal called the Sacramento Cultural Hub. Sacramento Cultural Hub is a Sacramento based journal that spotlights small businesses owned by minorities in Northern California. Ms. Robinson has agreed to post a small feature about  me in her journal. This feature will include a photo of me, current attributions to the community, my educational background, my career field of choice, and my opinion on different health/fitness related issues that are plaguing our society and communities. I feel that Sacramento Cultural Hub, along with my personal efforts, will help give me the exposure that I need to earn a good reputation within the community. As I mentioned earlier in this writing, actually mapping out a plan will help increase the chances of all objectives and goals being met. Below is a chart that displays my Five-Year Career Development plan on a year-to-year basis. Intermediate Steps Over the Next Five Years to Reach My GoalFor MeFor my supervisor/others who will support meYear OneFocus on school and earn my degree in Business Management by March 2010.Feedback from my peers and professors. Year TwoComplete the MBA Marketing program at UOP. Attend courses for first time business owners and begin looking for high traffic locations for my Fitness Center. Network with various promotional outlets.Feedback from my peers and professors. Seek advice from the owner of Fitness Systems in regards to opening a small business. Year ThreeActively recruit certified Personal Trainers in the Sacramento area. Open the Fitness Center in the summer of 2012. Network with other small business owners. Setup commercials spots with Sacramento area radio stations.Network with friends and family in order to assist me with finding local certified Personal Trainers. Year FourContinue to actively recruit Personal Trainers. Continue promotion via radio and other outlets. N/AYear FiveConsider possible methods of expanding services beyond Sacramento. N/A*Five-Year Career Plan Chart template retrieved from: mpiweb.orgRegardless of how well thought out a plan may be, there is always some kind of temporary barrier that may be encountered. In relation to my career plan, two potential barriers that I predict may take place are time management issues between my professional and personal life and a further downturn in our nations economy. Both of these issues can definitely cause a change in the objectives and goals for my business. However, the matter of time management can easily be tweaked if any issues shall arise and any issues in relation to the economy will have to be solved on a day to day basis. Both of the barriers mentioned above are vital, but they are issues that all small business ownerss struggle and deal with. In conclusion, I have shared my five-year career development plan. This plan will help assist me in achieving my career goals and at the same time help me in meeting some of my personal goals as well. Creating a development plan will assist in maximizing the potentials of an individual in the workplace. A career development plan not only helps to keep me motivated and focused; it also helps in providing the confident feeling that will in turn help me take charge of my career. References Crump, Jocelyn. (2009). Five-Year Career Plan. Retrieved July 30, 2009 from: http://www.stc.org/confproceed/1994/PDFs/PG163164.PDFFive-Year Career Plan Template. (2009) Retrieved August 1, 2009 from:http://www.mpiweb.org/CMS/uploadedFiles/Career_Development/Five-Year%20Plan.doc

Pikionis Architect (Spanish) :: Spanish Language Essays

1- BIOGRAFIA 1887 Nace en El Pireo. Hijo de Petros Pikionis y Maria Syriotis. 1908 Se gradà ºa en la Universidad Tecnica Nacional, con el tà ­tulo de Ingieniero Civil. En Munich, estudia dibujo a mano alzada y escultura. Cezanne lo conduce a Paris. 1909/ Vive en Parà ­s 1912 Vuelve a Grecia. Pinta y completa su educacià ³n en Arquitectura. Realiza dibujos de la Arquitectura popular de Aegina. 1921 Construye su primera casa, intentando implementar as ideas que ha formulado en ese tiempo. Casa F.Moraitis, en –tzitzifies, Neo Faliro (posteriormente demolida). 1925 Construye su segunda casa. Casa Karamanos, en la calle Irakleiou 1 (posteriormente demolida). 1929 Pasa tres meses en el estudio sobre el terreno de la Arquitectura popular en Chios, con el proposito de producir un ensayo en francà ©s sobre la Arquitectura urbana de la isla. 1932 Obra: Escuela Primaria de Pefkakia, el Licabetto. 1935 Despuà ©s de este momento, ocurre un cambio en sus conceptos està ©ticos: piensa en las maneras de combinar un espà ­ritu universal con uno nacional. Todos sus proyectos arquitectà ³nicos estarà ¡n basados en este concepto. Obras: Escuela Experimental de Tesalà ³nica. Bloque de Apartamentos en la calle Heyden. 1935/ Publica el perià ³dico â€Å"El tercer ojo†, con Hatzikyriakaos-Ghikas. 1941 Nacimiento de su quinta hija, Agni, la menor. 1943 Es elegido como Profesor Titular de la Universidad Tà ©cnica nacional. 1949 Participa, junto a estudiantes de la Universidad, en un viaje educativo por Egipto. Obras: Casa y Estudio para la escultora F.Efthymiadou (calle Grypari 10, Patisia). 1950/ Participa, junto a estudiantes de la Universidad, en un viaje educativo por Constantinopla, Paris, Italia y Alemania. 1957 Aixioni: dibujos para un modelo de asentamiento griego de casas. Obras: Hotel Xenia Delfos. Residencia C. Potamianos, Filothei. Tratamiento del paisaje de à ¡rea arqueologica alrededor de la Acrà ³polis y de las colinas de Philopappus. Pabellà ³n del Turista, en San Demetrius Loumbardiaris. 1958 Se retira, despà ©s de haber eseà ±ado durante treinta y cinco aà ±os en la Universidad Tà ©cnica Nacional. 1961 Es elegido, por unanimidad, miembro de la Academia de Bella Artes de Munich. Obras: Casa A. Garis, Psychiko. Supervisià ³n de planos y de la Construccià ³n del Jardin de Juegos para nià ±os, Filothei. 1966 Pasa ocho meses en Estados Unidos, debido al estado de salud de su esposa. Reside en Boston y visita Nueva York. 1968 Muere en Atenas, 28 de Agosto. 2- TEORIA Y PENSAMIENTO La arquitectura de Pikionis esta determinada por el lugar y la historia. Pikionis entiende la arquitectura como la modificacià ³n de la naturaleza que el hombre produce al asentarse en esta, no pretende naturalizar las formas de la arquitectura sino una vinculacià ³n entre la arquitectura, pasado y paisaje. - PASADO E HISTORIA: frente a la ideologà ­a del movimiento moderno dominante de su à ©poca, Pikionis fue un arquitecto innovador que fue capaz de relacionar historia y tradicià ³n y ponerlas en valor en su à ©poca.

Labeling Theory

Running Head:| Labeling Theory | Labeling Theory Stacie O'Reilly Miller-Motte Lisa Bruno October 20, 2012 Abstract According to the works of Frank Tannenbaum, Howard Becker, Edwin Lemert and the Labeling Theory, career criminals are often created by our juvenile justice system and by our society and their labeling of juveniles who have been convicted of committing a deviant act. These youngsters are often labeled as ‘juvenile delinquents'. The Labeling, not the juvenile's characteristics, can create a habitual offender. Labeling TheoryFrank Tannenbaum, also known as the â€Å"Grandfather of the Labeling Theory†, in 1938, wrote against popular beliefs that juvenile delinquents were different in many ways than non-delinquents and that they were people who fit into where they were placed by society and the juvenile justice system. This concept is the beginning of the Labeling Theory in criminology and sociology, known as â€Å"Dramatizing Evil†. Tannenbaum’s a rgument was that: 0 When they first break the law, the juvenile is a little or no different in characteristics than his peers. Youths who are labeled â€Å"bad† will be treated differently than their peers who are not labeled as â€Å"bad†. 2 They may believe their label and behave as they believe they should. As the youths are labeled, they may no longer be accepted by their peers but will gladly be accepted by other outcasts. This is the beginnings of the labeling theory. Edwin Lemert, sociologist, contributed to the Labeling Theory by arguing that all people conduct deviant behavior occasionally and if caught any person could, by reaction of society and the criminal justice system, be abeled as a delinquent. Lemert studied and recorded the series of events that can result from the one incident. To better explain the labeling process he uses Primary and Secondary deviation. Primary Deviation is the first delinquent act the person gets caught performing. Secondary Dev iance is described by Lemert as any deviant act committed as a result of the labeling of the person due to the Primary Deviance. Howard Becker in the 1960’s championed the Labeling Theory, explaining: â€Å"†¦ ocial groups create deviance by making rules whose infraction creates deviance, and by applying those roles to particular people and labeling them as outsiders. From this point of view, deviance is not a quality of the act the person commits, but rather a consequence of the application by other of rules and sanctions to an ‘offender. ‘ The deviant is one to whom that label has been successfully applied; deviant behavior is behavior that people so label. â€Å"[Becker] In today's society, labeling can be as harmful as ever and can happen to a juvenile who has not even been convicted of any wrong doing.Before a defendant has a chance to face his accuser, society is developing a label for him/her. In our criminal justice system, a person can be arrested if it is thought, by the authorities, that the accused had committed a crime. The accused is taken into custody, finger printed and a photo taken as part of the arrest process. Today's media and technology help the labeling process along, often pre-maturely. There are safeguards to protect juveniles from the exposure, but these protections stop at the tender age of 18, just as these young people are trying to find their way.Once someone is arrested, his/her mug shot, along with the crime they are charged with becomes public, often in the local newspaper and on the internet. This information also becomes part of the accused's background check. I have surveyed average citizens and businesses to understand what effects this exposure can have on young people applying for work and in general, in other words, the effects of labeling on decisions of people interacting with the persons who are labeled, which will affect the way the labeled person will begin to view himself/herself.In the mu g shot survey, the labeled are not labeled officially and not even convicted of a crime, however they are viewed by strangers by the photos of themselves posted in the crime sections of newspapers and websites. The answers to the survey questions are harsher than expected: 0 Would you hire someone you recently saw in the local mug shots? The answers were in multiple choice formats and are as follows- no, probably not, probably, or yes. Of the persons surveyed, 26. 7% responded ‘no', 53. 3% responded ‘probably not', 20% responded ‘probably' and no one responded ‘yes'. Would you allow your teenager to date someone you recently saw in your local mug shots? With the same four choices for answers, 60% answered ‘no'. 26. 7% responded ‘probably not', 20% responded ‘probably', and no one answered ‘yes'. 0 Would you feel comfortable walking next to someone you recently seen in the local mug shots? Having the same answering options as the above questions, 6. 7% answered ‘no', 13. 3% answered ‘probably not', 66. 7% responded with ‘probably' and 13. 3% answered ‘yes'. The above numbers show how negatively people are thought of after an encounter with the law, regardless of guilt or innocence.This must be apparent to the person being labeled silently by those in his/her community, the treatment received may have a major impact on his/her self-image and they may accept this view as true and will be accepted by others in the same situation. Felons, by definition, are those people who have been convicted of a â€Å"serious crime†. These convictions can be of many things from conspiracy to rape, yet are grouped together with a stigma that can turn the labeled person into the monster he/she is often viewed as by others. Once labeled a â€Å"felon†, a person may lose hope of overcoming a delinquent past; one event can lead to this negative label. A person who is labeled a felon is treated diffe rently by society, they are labeled by an event and any achievements and good behavior up to that point is disregarded, many rights are taken away from felons and restrictions applied. With the exception of Vermont and Maine, Felons and ex-Felons are restricted from voting in the United States. 0 Federal Law prohibits those labeled ‘Felons' to ‘bear arms'.These two basic rights that felon's do not enjoy are clear signs of the way that society views them as dangerous and not worthy. This is reinforced with every job application that they fill out, repeatedly, they must acknowledge that they are a felon, and felons can be anyone convicted of drug possession to murder, all grouped together. Young people who are labeled as Felon's are ostracized and have a hard time finding employment, which can lead to them thinking they are not worthy, accepting the label, and turning to a life of crime for survival.I created a survey to get a quick view from people who would potentially i nteract with felons to see how they would respond to a felon in different circumstances. The way the felon is responded to by society can help the felon view himself as he is viewed others. The answers to the survey questions are as expected: 0 Would you hire a convicted felon? The answers were in multiple choice formats and are as follows- no, probably not, probably, or yes. Of the persons surveyed, 20% responded ‘no', 60% responded ‘probably not', 20% responded ‘probably' and no one responded ‘yes'. 0 Would you allow your teenager to date a convicted felon?With the same four choices for answers, 100% answered ‘no'. 0 Would you feel comfortable working closely with a convicted felon? Having the same answering options as the above questions, 0% answered ‘no', and 80% answered ‘probably not', 20% responded with ‘probably' and no one answered ‘yes'. The results show the difficulty a felon will have being rehabilitated while being f eared and unwanted by fellow citizens. The label is devastating to a convicted felon with little chance of employment which is a major part of gaining self-esteem and confidence to overcome such a harsh stigma.Without even knowing what the felon was convicted of and any circumstances involved, the community's children are off limits to those unfortunate enough to have earned this label. Society still labels young people sometimes by one incident which shows only the possibility that the person broke the law and this is not official, it is indirect, through the media. When an official label like ‘felon' is used, it is even more detrimental to the person inflicted, because the laws directed to them go hand in hand with how strangers and acquaintances seem to be viewing Would you hire someone you recently saw in the local mug shots?Would you hire someone you recently saw in the local mug shots? them. Would you allow your teenager to date someone you recently saw in the local mug shots? Would you allow your teenager to date someone you recently saw in the local mug shots? Would you feel comfortable walking next to someone you recently saw in the local mug shots? Would you feel comfortable walking next to someone you recently saw in the local mug shots? Would you allow your teenager to date a convicted felon? Would you allow your teenager to date a convicted felon? Would you hire a convicted felon?Would you hire a convicted felon? Would you feel comfortable working closely with a convicted felon? Would you feel comfortable working closely with a convicted felon? References OReilly, S. (n. d. ). Felons Survey. SurveyMonkey: Free online survey software & questionnaire tool. Retrieved November 9, 2012, from http://www. surveymonkey. com/s/K3MZSKJ OReilly, S. (n. d. ). Mug shots Survey. SurveyMonkey: Free online survey software & questionnaire tool. Retrieved November 9, 2012, from http://www. surveymonkey. com/s/5T8MQYL Parmelee, M. (1918).Criminology, by Mauric e Parmelee †¦. New York: The Macmillan Company. Regoli, R. M. , Hewitt, J. D. , & DeLisi, M. (2008). Sociological Theory: Labeling and Conflict Explanations. Delinquency in society: youth crime in the 21st century (7th ed. , pp. 222-248). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Siegel, L. J. (2010). Criminology: theories, patterns, and typologies (10th ed. ). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning. Vito, G. F. , & Holmes, R. M. (1994). Criminology: theory, research, and policy. Belmont, Calif. : Wadsworth Pub. Co.. Labeling Theory Running Head:| Labeling Theory | Labeling Theory Stacie O'Reilly Miller-Motte Lisa Bruno October 20, 2012 Abstract According to the works of Frank Tannenbaum, Howard Becker, Edwin Lemert and the Labeling Theory, career criminals are often created by our juvenile justice system and by our society and their labeling of juveniles who have been convicted of committing a deviant act. These youngsters are often labeled as ‘juvenile delinquents'. The Labeling, not the juvenile's characteristics, can create a habitual offender. Labeling TheoryFrank Tannenbaum, also known as the â€Å"Grandfather of the Labeling Theory†, in 1938, wrote against popular beliefs that juvenile delinquents were different in many ways than non-delinquents and that they were people who fit into where they were placed by society and the juvenile justice system. This concept is the beginning of the Labeling Theory in criminology and sociology, known as â€Å"Dramatizing Evil†. Tannenbaum’s a rgument was that: 0 When they first break the law, the juvenile is a little or no different in characteristics than his peers. Youths who are labeled â€Å"bad† will be treated differently than their peers who are not labeled as â€Å"bad†. 2 They may believe their label and behave as they believe they should. As the youths are labeled, they may no longer be accepted by their peers but will gladly be accepted by other outcasts. This is the beginnings of the labeling theory. Edwin Lemert, sociologist, contributed to the Labeling Theory by arguing that all people conduct deviant behavior occasionally and if caught any person could, by reaction of society and the criminal justice system, be abeled as a delinquent. Lemert studied and recorded the series of events that can result from the one incident. To better explain the labeling process he uses Primary and Secondary deviation. Primary Deviation is the first delinquent act the person gets caught performing. Secondary Dev iance is described by Lemert as any deviant act committed as a result of the labeling of the person due to the Primary Deviance. Howard Becker in the 1960’s championed the Labeling Theory, explaining: â€Å"†¦ ocial groups create deviance by making rules whose infraction creates deviance, and by applying those roles to particular people and labeling them as outsiders. From this point of view, deviance is not a quality of the act the person commits, but rather a consequence of the application by other of rules and sanctions to an ‘offender. ‘ The deviant is one to whom that label has been successfully applied; deviant behavior is behavior that people so label. â€Å"[Becker] In today's society, labeling can be as harmful as ever and can happen to a juvenile who has not even been convicted of any wrong doing.Before a defendant has a chance to face his accuser, society is developing a label for him/her. In our criminal justice system, a person can be arrested if it is thought, by the authorities, that the accused had committed a crime. The accused is taken into custody, finger printed and a photo taken as part of the arrest process. Today's media and technology help the labeling process along, often pre-maturely. There are safeguards to protect juveniles from the exposure, but these protections stop at the tender age of 18, just as these young people are trying to find their way.Once someone is arrested, his/her mug shot, along with the crime they are charged with becomes public, often in the local newspaper and on the internet. This information also becomes part of the accused's background check. I have surveyed average citizens and businesses to understand what effects this exposure can have on young people applying for work and in general, in other words, the effects of labeling on decisions of people interacting with the persons who are labeled, which will affect the way the labeled person will begin to view himself/herself.In the mu g shot survey, the labeled are not labeled officially and not even convicted of a crime, however they are viewed by strangers by the photos of themselves posted in the crime sections of newspapers and websites. The answers to the survey questions are harsher than expected: 0 Would you hire someone you recently saw in the local mug shots? The answers were in multiple choice formats and are as follows- no, probably not, probably, or yes. Of the persons surveyed, 26. 7% responded ‘no', 53. 3% responded ‘probably not', 20% responded ‘probably' and no one responded ‘yes'. Would you allow your teenager to date someone you recently saw in your local mug shots? With the same four choices for answers, 60% answered ‘no'. 26. 7% responded ‘probably not', 20% responded ‘probably', and no one answered ‘yes'. 0 Would you feel comfortable walking next to someone you recently seen in the local mug shots? Having the same answering options as the above questions, 6. 7% answered ‘no', 13. 3% answered ‘probably not', 66. 7% responded with ‘probably' and 13. 3% answered ‘yes'. The above numbers show how negatively people are thought of after an encounter with the law, regardless of guilt or innocence.This must be apparent to the person being labeled silently by those in his/her community, the treatment received may have a major impact on his/her self-image and they may accept this view as true and will be accepted by others in the same situation. Felons, by definition, are those people who have been convicted of a â€Å"serious crime†. These convictions can be of many things from conspiracy to rape, yet are grouped together with a stigma that can turn the labeled person into the monster he/she is often viewed as by others. Once labeled a â€Å"felon†, a person may lose hope of overcoming a delinquent past; one event can lead to this negative label. A person who is labeled a felon is treated diffe rently by society, they are labeled by an event and any achievements and good behavior up to that point is disregarded, many rights are taken away from felons and restrictions applied. With the exception of Vermont and Maine, Felons and ex-Felons are restricted from voting in the United States. 0 Federal Law prohibits those labeled ‘Felons' to ‘bear arms'.These two basic rights that felon's do not enjoy are clear signs of the way that society views them as dangerous and not worthy. This is reinforced with every job application that they fill out, repeatedly, they must acknowledge that they are a felon, and felons can be anyone convicted of drug possession to murder, all grouped together. Young people who are labeled as Felon's are ostracized and have a hard time finding employment, which can lead to them thinking they are not worthy, accepting the label, and turning to a life of crime for survival.I created a survey to get a quick view from people who would potentially i nteract with felons to see how they would respond to a felon in different circumstances. The way the felon is responded to by society can help the felon view himself as he is viewed others. The answers to the survey questions are as expected: 0 Would you hire a convicted felon? The answers were in multiple choice formats and are as follows- no, probably not, probably, or yes. Of the persons surveyed, 20% responded ‘no', 60% responded ‘probably not', 20% responded ‘probably' and no one responded ‘yes'. 0 Would you allow your teenager to date a convicted felon?With the same four choices for answers, 100% answered ‘no'. 0 Would you feel comfortable working closely with a convicted felon? Having the same answering options as the above questions, 0% answered ‘no', and 80% answered ‘probably not', 20% responded with ‘probably' and no one answered ‘yes'. The results show the difficulty a felon will have being rehabilitated while being f eared and unwanted by fellow citizens. The label is devastating to a convicted felon with little chance of employment which is a major part of gaining self-esteem and confidence to overcome such a harsh stigma.Without even knowing what the felon was convicted of and any circumstances involved, the community's children are off limits to those unfortunate enough to have earned this label. Society still labels young people sometimes by one incident which shows only the possibility that the person broke the law and this is not official, it is indirect, through the media. When an official label like ‘felon' is used, it is even more detrimental to the person inflicted, because the laws directed to them go hand in hand with how strangers and acquaintances seem to be viewing Would you hire someone you recently saw in the local mug shots?Would you hire someone you recently saw in the local mug shots? them. Would you allow your teenager to date someone you recently saw in the local mug shots? Would you allow your teenager to date someone you recently saw in the local mug shots? Would you feel comfortable walking next to someone you recently saw in the local mug shots? Would you feel comfortable walking next to someone you recently saw in the local mug shots? Would you allow your teenager to date a convicted felon? Would you allow your teenager to date a convicted felon? Would you hire a convicted felon?Would you hire a convicted felon? Would you feel comfortable working closely with a convicted felon? Would you feel comfortable working closely with a convicted felon? References OReilly, S. (n. d. ). Felons Survey. SurveyMonkey: Free online survey software & questionnaire tool. Retrieved November 9, 2012, from http://www. surveymonkey. com/s/K3MZSKJ OReilly, S. (n. d. ). Mug shots Survey. SurveyMonkey: Free online survey software & questionnaire tool. Retrieved November 9, 2012, from http://www. surveymonkey. com/s/5T8MQYL Parmelee, M. (1918).Criminology, by Mauric e Parmelee †¦. New York: The Macmillan Company. Regoli, R. M. , Hewitt, J. D. , & DeLisi, M. (2008). Sociological Theory: Labeling and Conflict Explanations. Delinquency in society: youth crime in the 21st century (7th ed. , pp. 222-248). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Siegel, L. J. (2010). Criminology: theories, patterns, and typologies (10th ed. ). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning. Vito, G. F. , & Holmes, R. M. (1994). Criminology: theory, research, and policy. Belmont, Calif. : Wadsworth Pub. Co..

Offer a Close Comparative Reading Essay

Samuel Taylor Coleridge was born in 1772, in Ottery St Mary in Devonshire. During the Romantic era at a time of revolution from 1770-1830. At this time Britain’s economy was experiencing the industrial revolution, consequently creating radical class divisions and an extremely large scale of dissatisfaction between the lower classes and the wealthy classes. In addition The Enlightenment era led the dramatic change in the way in which the Western World viewed Science, Politics, and Philosophy. Particularly English scientists John Locke and Issac Newton shone light upon mans former ignorance regarding physics, biology, nature and human beings. ‘Locke’s ‘An Essay Concerning Human Understanding’ (1690) was hugely influential, due to his philosophical thinking and his mechanical theories on nature. The profound ways of thinking in the 18th Century sculpted the world in which we live in today. The romantic literature of this age was a ‘product of the economic and social period in which they lived in. It is said that ‘the deconstructive reading of Romanticism emphasised its ironies, its self-consciousness and the complexities of the ways in which it brought together philosophy, literature and history. The majority of romantic poets, especially William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge were discontented in this age of science and reason due to the mechanical way of thinking,and the ’emphasis on orderliness, reason and improvement that it displayed. Coleridge and Wordsworth thought this limited the capacity of the mind. They believed that there was a ‘deeper reality inside the the material world and that our spiritual nature can be realized through the use of our imaginations. Anna Barbauld (1743-1825) was another extremely influential English poet of the 18th Century, born in Kibworth, Leicestershire. And along with likes of William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Robert Southey they defined Romantic poetry. Barbauld was a famous female writer, and during this era of patriarchy this was quite uncommon, as women in this period were put in a gender role in society fitted into the role of the domestic world and not in the public world. She led a charmed life, and studied at Warrington Academy, and learned Greek and latin, ‘Barbauld was raised as and remained an advocate of the liberal implications of Enlightenment thought. Rationality, compassion, and democratic human rights were the mainstays of her political positions.   She was known for her contribution to romantic era, and during her lifetime was admired for her talent by the young Samuel T. Coleridge. Barbauld had a brief connection with Coleridge. ‘Anna Barbauld had a more complex relationship with the young romantic poets, not least because she lived well into the nineteenth century and she was increasingly treated as a remnant from another age.   Her poem, ‘To Mr Coleridge’ in 1797 is in regard to her meeting with him when he was 25 years of age, he had walked to Bristol to meet with her and to wished to show her a range of his poetry at the time. The poem reflects Barbauld’s initial impression of Coleridge, and her initial judgment of his character, ‘counseling him to pay more attention to his duty and activity, and to watch out for indolence.   It is clear that the poem, ‘To Mr Coleridge’ has a retrospective, and negative tone of voice as she shows her disregard for Coleridge’s humanistic view on the world and his frivolous writing style, as she begins the 43-lined poem in light of his work, and an obvious natural setting, ‘Midway the hill of science’. I think Barbauld purposely chose ‘midway’ to represent a place in his career. The poem uses an allegorical take on Coleridge’s visit as Barbauld describes the grove in line 3, †A Grove extends, in tangled mazes wrought,’ a grove is a reference to a small forest or garden, here Barbauld is using the grove figuratively as a symbol for Coleridge’s imagination. As ‘Romantic poets believe that the imagination is fundamental’. she is trying to suggest that inside this ‘grove’ makes the perception of the outside world warped, as she indicates that it is, ‘fill’d with strange enchantment:-dubious shapes’. She creates an array of natural imaginings along Coleridge’s journey, Barbaulds, ‘To Mr Coleridge’ has a dream-like quality. The imagery used in the first fourteen lines such as, ‘fill’d with strange enchantment’, ‘gloom and mystic visions’ and ‘filmy-net’ represent how Coleridge replaced the systematic way of thinking that the enlightenment brought about by John Locke and Issac Newton, by believing in something else which we cannot see or control. Coleridge believed that, ‘A poem is that species of composition, which is opposed to works of science In lines 10-13 Barbauld is critiquing how Coleridge views an object, ‘obvious to sight and touch’, Coleridge was always ‘concerned with the problem of how the poetic mind acts to modify or transform the materials of sense without violating the truth to nature.   An authoritative tone can be detected by Barbauld in the lines, ‘Filt thro’ dim glades, and lure the eager foot | Of youthful ardour to eternal chase’. She highlights his age with the word ‘youthful'(line 6), suggesting that he inexperienced is still yet to learn many things about the world and be realistic in his views. Line 19 uses the word ‘Indolence’ which was a key word in the time of the enlightenment, meaning, lazy and idle. Like ‘most young people of the time with a grain of idealism he was stirred by the revolutionary enthusiasms of the early 1790s'[12] She allows draws on Coleridge’s ‘vacant mind’ (line 22) Coleridge believed that the mind was ‘the source and the test of art'[13]. The reoccurring theme of ‘youth’ also gives the poem a patronizing element. ‘Barbauld was a literary judge from the older generation, and, through their politics coincided for a period, her rectitude was probably not very comforting to Coleridge'[14] making the generation gap between the two apparent in the poem. The extended metaphor of the hill of science can be seen as a metaphorical journey, ‘Here each mind | Of finer mould, acute and delicate | In its high progress to eternal truth’, the speaker in the poem is narrating the events of a journey through the english countryside, but yet some of the things mentioned aren’t present, here we can see that Barbauld alluding to the work of Coleridge, yet sympathetically suggesting that he has a long way to go before reaching his full potential. Barbauld believes that Coleridge is losing sight of social and political context. Lines 32-34, ‘ Youth belov’d | Of Science – of the Muse belov’d not here, | Not in the maze of metaphoric lore. ‘ Barbauld implies that Coleridge does not have a hold on reality. The ‘spleen-fed fog'(line 40) that is being referred to is a metaphor for Coleridge’s lost sight along his path, and she appeals to his Unitarian nature by ending the poem with ‘Now Heaven conduct thee with a Parent’s love’ (Line 43). ‘This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison[15] by Samuel Taylor Coleridge was also written in 1797 and is a representation of a journey, similarly to Barbauld’s, ‘To Mr Coleridge’. Coleridge wrote the poem after he was unable to join his friends on a walk throughout the countryside, due to an injury, his wife had accidentally scalded his foot with boiling milk, resulting in Coleridge left under the Lime-Tree contemplating all the sights that his friends would encounter. In Coleridge’s poem he uses the speakers train of thought as the narrative for the poem as he breaks his own physical restriction and mentally takes the journey. The poem uses a conversational tone, beginning the poem with, ‘Well. ‘ In addition, due to it being blank verse this allows Coleridge to not have to keep a consistent rhyme scheme or a meter for the poem, and the conversational element adds intimacy for the reader as he describes initially what his friends will encounter on their walk, ‘the poet both observes and meditates out loud as he addresses a silent listener. ‘[16]. Many of Coleridge’s conversational poems were simple and had no poetic form. In the first stanza of the poem there is resentment and isolation represented in Coleridge’s petulant mood as the speaker says, ‘I have lost | Beauties and feelings’ (line 2-3), addressing himself as the ‘I’ in the poem we have a sense of a self-centered Coleridge, he is sat beneath a lime-tree as he pity’s himself over his injury that keeps him from going for a walk with friends. The use of monosyllabic words in the first stanza backs up Coleridge’s attitude to his ‘prison’ at the start. His attitude soon begins to change once he begins to write down his sequence of thoughts, ‘That all at once (a most fantastic sight!) and he then switches from self-pitying to imagining, he connects to his surroundings and enjoys being able to experience nature through his friends journey. It is almost as if Coleridge has an epiphany as he has a moment of realization through his imagination. At the beginning of stanza two there is a significant transition in Coleridge’s perception, starting with ‘Now’ (line 21) we can see that the speaker has thoughts have changed direction and has become a point of reversal, as he starts to re-create the journey through Charles Lamb, who he addresses in the poem, a close friend of Coleridge, and describes him as  Ã¢â‚¬Ëœgentle’. It is clear that Coleridge is happy that Charles is able to embrace in his walk in the countryside, ‘thou hast pined | And hunger’d after Nature, many a year,| in the great City pent’ (lines 29-31). ‘Interest in natural surroundings increased at the time'[17] this was mainly due to the industrial revolution at the time as the City was linked to the mechanical, man-made and urban downsides in contrast to the countryside made naturally by God. In comparison to Anna Barbauld’s, ‘To Mr Coleridge’ throughout both poems both poets continue to capitalize certain words to highlight their significance. And continue to use enjambment as a device to display urgency through lines that run on. In ‘This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison’ he is breaking his physical barrier in the journey, whereas in Barbauld’s poem it is a case of . ‘Coleridge believed that poetic language depended for its effect on the poet’s heightening or intensifying it (through patterning, compression, repetition and so on) and thus making it more specialized and taking it further away from the patterns of everyday speech. A common characteristic that sets the majority of female romantic poets apart from the males is the way many male poets refer to themselves as ‘I’ throughout the text, which Coleridge displays in ‘This Lime-Tree My Bower Prison. ‘ Coleridge also addresses his close friend Charles Lamb in the poem, he repeats the sentiment, ‘My gentle-hearted Charles! ‘ in the second and third stanza a few times, the speaker is putting emphasis on his particular name strategically. Coleridge also makes religious connotations about nature and the divine. He points out that they are, ‘Beneath the wide wide heaven’ (Line 22); and ‘the Almighty spirit, when he makes | Spirits perceive his presence. ‘ (Line 43) In the last few lines of the second stanza leads to the sudden change in mood in stanza three. Coleridge believes that by accessing the ‘imagination is sharing in the creative powers of God. ‘[19] The divine power is manifested by God. Coleridge was Unitarian, a religion that believed in freedom of belief. In the book of genesis in the Bible,’ God said, let there be light, and there was light. ‘ This relates to the metaphor of the imagination as a lamp, an active power that ‘shines onto the external world, changes the way in which we see the world as the light transforms. ‘[20] This is can be reflected through Coleridge’s poem as he is able to project his vision to the readers but it is not what he can seeon the surface. Which is in contrast to John Locke’s which ‘establishes idea of the mind as a mirror, reflecting what it see’s. [21] One of the main differences of these two poems is that Coleridge uses his imagination to create the journey whereas the journey in Barbauld’s poem is that journey was an action that took place. And through nature Coleridge discovers that he has the power to connect to nature rather than separate from it. In Coleridge’s Doctrine of Imagination, Biographia Literaria was on of his most significant work from the romantic era, written much later in his career, however he described the imagination in a way that ‘dissolves, diffuses, dissipates, in order to recreate’.

Influence of French Cuisine on Indian Hospitality Industry Research Paper Example

Influence of French Cuisine on Indian Hospitality Industry Research Paper Example Influence of French Cuisine on Indian Hospitality Industry Paper Influence of French Cuisine on Indian Hospitality Industry Paper Hospitality is a term used for referring the cordial, generous and friendly reception of the guests or strangers in a hotel or food service industries such as restaurants, cafe , bar and other such type of establishments. The term hospitality industry is usually defined by its output of products, which satisfy the needs, and demands of the guests who visit these types of establishments. These establishments provide food, accommodation and drinking facilities to the guests. The different star category hotels provide different services to the guests as per the star categorisation. There are three classes of professional cookery associated with the craftsman and they are graded according to the quality of the materials used. These classes are Cuisine simple or plain cookery, Cuisine Bourgeois of middle class cookery, and Cuisine Haute or high class cookery. In Indian cuisine, there are two classes: simple and high class. Simple cookery is confined to the preparation of the everyday practical type of dishes. And the high class cookery has a wide range of variety. Where expensive materials are used to prepare complicated and elaborate dishes. France has a long culinary tradition. French cuisine now a day is a result of centuries of research, elaboration and perfection. The French are proud of their cuisine. It is an integral part of their culture. It is the interest of French for good food. The chefs have always been encouraged to elaborate new dishes to satisfy the most discriminating palate. The French chefs introduced new dishes and sophisticated techniques that they adapted to French products. Georges Auguste Escoffier was the great chef of this century. French cuisine is sophisticated, varied, well balanced and based on local and high-quality products. French cooking involves a large number of techniques, some extremely complicated, that serve as basics. Not only do basic cooking techniques require great skill, but they also demand a deep understanding of the ingredients themselves. Just as the vintner knows that the finest Bordeaux comes from the grapes grown on that side of the hill and not this, so too the chef knows not only from which region come the finest petits pois (small, young green peas), but from which town. Many foods are known by the town that made them famous, such as Pessac for strawberries, the peas of Saint-Germaine, Macau artichokes, the Charolais steer, butter of Isigny. Like any art form, the foundation of Indian cooking is based on technique. There is a body of knowledge about the food itself the vegetables, the spices, the herbs, the curries but this information is meaningless unless applied with sensitivity. Over the length and breadth of India, in the different homes in India, of the rich and the poor, one comes across a wide range of flavours, styles and tastes. Many styles of cooking seen in different parts of the world can also be found in one or the other part of India. In India one sees society, culture, language, food and people change dramatically as one goes from North to South or East to West. With the entry of Europeans into India, many exotic ingredients entered the Indian kitchen. Potatoes, chillies, tomatoes and cheeses came into India and were used generously. Jams, jellies, yeast raised breads, pastries and casseroles were prepared with hints of Indian spices. Chillies, potatoes and tomatoes found much love in India and have become staples of the Indian kitchen. The French cuisine has a great influence on the Indian hospitality industry in the way of the service of the dishes to the guests. The French cuisine was having 17, 15 and 13 course menus. This has now a day reduced to only 4 to 5 courses. Now a day these 13 courses are reduced to 4 or 5 courses but a strict menu planning rules are followed while planning any meal based on the French course. In India only a thali system was prevalent in most of the restaurant or there habit of taking only one main dish and with it roties or parathas or chapaties or rice as the wish of the guests at a time as a whole meal with limited accompaniments such as pickle, papad and chatani. But today in most of the well known restaurants or in restaurants of star hotels the lunch or dinner starts by hors d oeuvres followed by soup, main course, salad, cheese, and finally dessert. And different courses have different accompaniments. In French cuisine great emphasis is laid on the presentation of the dishes and garnishes and accompaniments, which makes the dish colourful. The menu is word originally relate to the French cuisine is now adopted by the Indian cuisine. Traditionally there are 2 types of preparing a menu card those are table d hote and a la carte. The menu card is now prepared in such a way which is based on the table d hote style and providing sufficient number of dishes to choose by the guests as it is in the a al carte menu planning. The French cuisine has given the table set-up to the Indian hospitality industry, which was not part of the traditional Indian hospitality. The spoons and fork are the gift of the French cuisine to the Indian hospitality industry. Today most type of restaurants are keen to serve the guests in the most appropriate manner. The type of serving is getting deeper and deeper in the Indian hospitality industry. It has become the prominent thing where the food and beverage managers give their most attention. The French cuisine has given the Indian cuisine the wine and champagne. These are the gifts of the French cuisine to the Indian hospitality industry. In French cuisine wine is used for cooking to enhance the taste and to give an unusual flavour and this is a unique feature of the French cuisine. There is an appropriate wine for preparing each dish. And also there is an appropriate wine to be served with each course as an accompaniment. Grape aperitifs, which are drunk before the meal and not between meal and digestifs, are drunk after the meal is over. The dry rose wine is a best accompaniment of the starter course. Like this there are different wines, which accompany different courses. In India also the production of wine and champagne has been started but the quantity and quality of the production is not comparable to the wine and champagne produced in the France. As well as the French cuisine has given different types of cocktails and mocktails to the Indian hospitality industry. The French cuisine has some distinctive spices and herbs, which gives a unique flavour, taste and originality to the dishes. Some of these are parsley, celery, basil, tarragon, thyme, rosemary, chives, shallots, allspice, bayleaf, paprika, pepper, nutmeg etc. Some of these spices and herbs are produced in India and some of them are imported for making their use in the food preparation. Asparagus, artichokes, carrots, turnips, aubergines, broccoli, swedem, seakale, cardoon, brussels, sprouts, topinambow, mushrooms etc are some of the continental vegetables, which are used, in the French cuisine. Some of these are grown here and the remaining are imported for the use in the kitchen. The different types of cuts of vegetables, meat, poultry and fish are influenced the Indian cuisine which are basically from the French cuisine. Cheese is also a gift of the French cuisine to the Indian hospitality industry. Cheese in the French cuisine used for base of the dish, garnish to soups, blended with sauces or grated and sprinkled on top of the dishes and gratinated. And also as a part of the 13 course menu. Cheese now a day also used in the preparation Indian dishes. But the use of cheese as a part of course has not yet started in the restaurants where French cuisine is served. Butter, olive oil or salad oil is also used in Indian dishes as a cooking medium, which are basically the French cooking medium. As the cheese: sandwich, pastries and pastas are also came from the French cuisine to the Indian cuisine. The French cuisine also has an influence on the Indian hospitality industry in the way the modern day marriage functions, birthday parties and other different functions arrangement is concern. In most of the functions welcome drink is served to the guests then the starters then the soup then the main course and at the end it is the dessert, which is served to the guests. The sitting banquet parties, room service, hospital service and buffet service in India are the influence of the French cuisine on the Indian hospitality industry. In conclusion I would like to mention here that as the days are passing by and because of the need of satisfying the foreign travellers in India as well as the changing eating habits of the Indian population the French cuisine is facing too many changes in the form of preparing the French dishes with Indian herbs and spices in India without damaging the classical value of each dish as the chef Raji Jallepalli who is preparing a Franco-Indian dishes which are popular in her Memphis based restaurant. As well as the Indian cuisine is also changing its look and appearance in the form of garnishing and accompaniments served with Indian dishes based on the French cuisine. In India also the chefs are changing the flavour of the French dishes to suite the taste of the Indian guests. The influence of the French cuisine on the type of service is influencing the other service sectors in India. The French empire has a great influence on Indian city Pondicherry because they ruled on this city for more than 100 years and because of which this city can be called as a city of France, which is situated in India.

These Ones vs. Those Ones

These Ones vs. Those Ones These Ones vs. Those Ones These Ones vs. Those Ones By Maeve Maddox A reader questions the use of the phrase â€Å"these ones†: I was wondering about a manner of speech I have been hearing or reading and that seems not right to my ears: it is â€Å"these ones† as in the following:   â€Å"If You Liked This Video, Youll LOVE These Ones†Ã‚   Isn’t the phrase complete with just â€Å"these†. I keep hearing or seeing this construction and it sounds really bad to my ear; is it just me? The construction is not new, although it seems to be more popular now than in the past. The Ngram Viewer shows the phrase â€Å"these ones† in moderate use from 1800 to the 1960s, when it begins a precipitate rise on the graph. Like the reader, I find â€Å"these ones†- and â€Å"those ones†- jarring. If I found either in a paper given me to correct, I would cross out ones in an instant. However, I can’t find a specific grammatical rule against it. Paul Brians (Common Errors In English Usage) proscribes it: By itself, there’s nothing wrong with the word â€Å"ones† as a plural: â€Å"surrounded by her loved ones.† However, â€Å"this one† should not be pluralized to â€Å"these ones.† Just say â€Å"these.† The same pattern applies to â€Å"those.† None of my other style guides reference the usage, and numerous online discussions defend it. An article at the Visual Thesaurus cites statistics from The British National Corpus and the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) to show that British speakers say â€Å"these ones† five and a half times more often than speakers of American English. Nevertheless, in American usage, â€Å"these ones† is regarded as dialect and not standard usage. The problem is not that ones is being used as a plural or that these governs ones. For example, the following phrases are standard: I want the red ones. You always take the best ones. You take these small ones, and I’ll take those big ones. So why does â€Å"these small ones† pass with speakers who would not accept â€Å"these ones†? The reason may lie with the proximity of these to ones. With â€Å"these red ones,† the presence of the adjective red signals the brain that these is an adjective. When no other adjective intervenes between these and ones, the listener interprets these as a pronoun, in which case, ones is redundant. Because they are jarring to many speakers, the constructions â€Å"these ones† and â€Å"those ones† are best avoided in formal contexts, particularly in writing. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Handy Expressions About HandsYay, Hooray, Woo-hoo and Other Acclamations10 Types of Hyphenation Errors

Zapatista Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Zapatista - Essay Example Similar to that revolution, the Zapatista movement of today (which started in 1994 until the present time) is a hodgepodge or mishmash of several ideologies, a heterogeneous mixture of socialism, libertarianism, anarchism and communism. Its overarching policy goal is to use the power of the word to achieve its aims which are social equity like equal distribution of wealth and protection for the downtrodden poor such as farmer peasants and the working class. In the words of Subcomandante Marcos himself, their revolutionary movement has generally abstained from the use of firepower and instead opted for democratic space by the use of the power of the media, hence the title of this wonderful book. Their advocacy is to be heard, especially in behalf of the very poor indigenous people of Chiapas, the southernmost state in Mexico. Their original purpose is to bring attention to the widening gap between the rich and the poor. Interestingly, Subcomandante Marcos is not of Mayan ancestry but this has not prevented him from siding with the poor of Chiapas. The Zapatista Movement is called a â€Å"post-modern† revolution that uses words for weapons, including the power of the Internet. Although little is known about the personal background of Subcomandante Marcos, it is generally believed that he is an intellectual of some sort based on his ideological beliefs. He himself had come under severe criticism lately for becoming elitist, contrary to what he had fought against, by becoming a celebrity figure who gladly signs autographs and poses readily for a photo op. The eloquence of Marcos allowed him to bring disparate groups together to fight a common cause – capitalism and neo-liberalism. In particular, the Zapatismo is thought to be a protest against the dangers of unbridled exploitative capitalism that is now advocated through free trade agreements and continuing globalization. Marcos views it